Basic Network Tools

• IP information

  • Windows: ipconfig /all

  • Linux: ip -aip r

• Routing tables

  • Windows: route print

  • Linux: ip r list

• Traceroute

  • Windows: tracert [URL]

  • Linux: traceroute [url] -p [port number]

• DNS

  • Windows: nslookup [domain name]

  • Linux: dig [domain name]

  • Linux email DNS info: dig [domain name] mx

  • Linux get A record: dig [domain name] ANY +nocomments +noauthority +noadditional +nostats

• Netstat

  • Windows and Linux current connections/listening ports: netstat -a

  • Windows current connections/ports/related executables: netstat -a -b

  • Windows and Linux statistics for all connections using TCP: netstat -s -p tcp -f

• PING

  • Linux: sudo ping -v [target]

  • Linux ping summary: ping -c 5 -q [target]